Dispersants in the Gulf of Mexico - A Toxicologist Speaks Out

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Dr. Susan Shaw, a marine toxicologist and President of the Marine Environmental Research Institute, gave a TED talk in June about BP's unprecedented use of dispersants in the Gulf of Mexico.  After going to the Gulf and seeing the effect of dispersants on oil itself, she has determined that the combination is actually more toxic than just leaving the oil alone, and that dispersed oil kills more sea life faster.  Her talk confirms all our worst fears, and is an indictment of the government's complicity in letting BP use it in unprecedented quantities, applied on the sea floor.  Have a look:

 

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Obama's Gulf War –
Semper Paratus, Admiral Allen
But the Dynamic Duo's BP conspiracy's too much

"Semper Paratus, Admiral Allen.
Just go along with what BP might want."
What idiots told him appeasing the culprit
Would be what his role was as faux commandant?

Were Jackson and Salazar shifting the blame?
Was Allen prepared for what they had in mind?
The Dynamic Duo was deceptively devious.
How could they make sure he was caught in a bind?

Just lowball the flow rate so he'd lack the skimmers
And be tricked into using dispersants and mud
That Tony could claim he thought were non-toxic,
Knowing that no one could clean up the crud.

It's becoming too toxic for mere mortals to handle
Without respirators and protective gear.
A dead Gulf's essential so sloppy oil drillers
Have no bleeding hearts or live wildlife to fear.

The Duo's next target will be the East Coast.
But how's Martha's Vineyard to get off scot-free?
Wind farms and oil booms protecting the shoreline –
Oh, and Allen's "best" drillers, his chums at BP.

Bob Carlson
www.politicalboondoggles.com
8/1/10
To 'The vioaled Coast Guard motto and anthem'
To 'Despite Rule, BP Used Dispersant, Panel Finds'
To 'Is the EPA Playing Dumb on Dispersants?'
To 'BP admits top kill mud was toxic:
Tony Hayward Senate testimony might be perjury '
To 'Documents indicate heavy use of dispersants in gulf oil spill'
To 'EPA's Lax Lisa Jackson'
To 'MMS's Ken Salazar'
To 'British Petroleum Incompetence'

The bumbling Thad Allen allowed dispersants when it was obvious it was a method of limiting BP's barrel/day liability. Further, the EPA administrator foolishly tried to severly limit, or stop their use, and it appears she was told to let BP do what they want within reason. Now the chemical and oil mixture is suspended in the water and invisible to the naked eye. BP begins the propaganda and bribery cycle to simply claim the oil has "disappeared". The Government will buy into this since POLITICALLY they want out! Period. Elections are coming and their jobs and power are much more important than some fishermen and recreaction sites along the Gulf.

A weak President and a bumbling Incident Manager now begin sweeping the entire affair "under the Gulf".

The intense bacterial activity on this situation causes high biological oxygen demand, the bacteria are oxidizing the oil, extracting energy for their biological processes and converting the oil into carbon dioxide and water.

As such, a solid sheen of oil would exclude the water surface from air exposure, preventing normal gas exchange and slowing the bacterial activity. Possibly causing a "dead zone" beneath the slick. Dispersants reduce the continuity of sheen, forming breaks where the water can be exposed to air. The other action is increase of total surface area of oil exposed to water which increases colonization of bacteria.

All dispersants are rapidly decomposed by these same bacteria. As all intended elements (excluding contaminants) are oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, carbon and sulfur,all of which are naturally found in sea water, there is no lasting harm. Some reports have shown up to 0.16 parts per million of arsenic, this too is rendered inert through methylation by bacterial activity.

This is more fear of unknown, given the proprietary composition of the dispersants, than actual knowledge.

Dr Shaw 17 min talk was an excellent summary of critical Gulf Coast issues ranging from a lack of regulation of propriety chemical products, to human and environmental toxicology. Plus, she even managed to find time to plug her own research interests in flame retardants and marine mammals - awesome time budgeting!

Killing the well looks within reach now, but understanding and remediating environmental impacts is going to be much harder, take much longer and, if it's done right, cost a lot more.

Here's a URL with two charts to ponder:

http://www.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=10388&page=91

The many chemicals that make up oil, dispersant and their degradation by products will cycle among 4 partitions, water column, atmosphere, biosphere and biota. At the top of the food chain, we humans need to be very mindful of bioconcentration of toxins up trophic levels in the biota partition. Tough enough to put numbers in the boxes and fluxes, but BP's shameful "cover-their-own-ass" secrecy has complicated the process by preventing independent scientists from collecting crucial baseline data. Consequently, there will be a lot of needless uncertainty, which will work to BP's advantage in court, and impact more liabilities than just EPA fines.

Let me hazard a little prediction. BP will carefully continue to nurture this uncertainty, with same tried and true PR strategy used by big tobacco and climate change deniers, and others. First, they will quietly fund some technically qualified individuals to go forth and establish captive think tanks with edifying, wonkish names. Next, these institutions will begin to cherry pick the scientific literature for any scintilla of research, no matter how marginal, that minimizes the environmental and human health effects of oil spills. Real science fits the curve to the data. The captive think tanks will turn this upside down and fit their cherries to their preexisting, corporate drawn, curve. Press releases will drafted and sent to print and electronic media (desperate for any material to help fill the 24 hr news cycle). In a short time the captive think tanks will have enough material to cite each other. This creates a "talking points" noise machine that easily drowns out genuine scientific and policy debate.

She said it well - we are owed the truth.

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